Water closet



(No Model.) s Sheets-Sheet 1'.

W. M. SAUL 4 WATER cLosE No. 253,106. Patenped Jan.'31, 1882.

- N. PETERS. Phnfo'liihognphor. Waxhington. EC.

(No Model 3 Sheets-Sheet W. lVLSAGK. WATER CLOSET.

No. 253,10 Patented Jan. 31,18 2.

(No Model.)

' 3' Sheets-=-Sheet 3. W. M. SACK.

WATER CLOSET.

Patented Jan. 31,1882.

- UNTTE STATES PATENT race.

\VILLIAM M. SACK, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO EZRAA. MAY, OF SAME PLACE.

WATER-CLOSET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent'No. 253,106, dated January31, 1882.

Application filed September 2, 1881.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. SACK, ofOakland, county of Alameda, State of California, have invented anImproved \Vater-Oloset;

and I herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof.

My invention relates to certain improvements in water-closets; and itconsists in a novel arrangement of a gate or valve which closes thebottom of the bowl, and is operated by appropriate mechanism to preventat all times the upward escape of odors or foul air. In combination withthis valve I employ a chamberhaving within it a flexible diaphragm I5and pipes to admit water to each side of it alternately, so that whileone side is being emptied the other will be filled. This diaphragm isconnected by a rod and levers with a valve, and a cock is operated by alever connected with the seat, so that the admission of water upon oneside of the diaphragm causes it to move and withdraw the rod and leversso that the valve may be opened at the proper time; but the valve isprevented from opening,

while the seat is occupied, by a catch actuated atthe same time with theopening of the cock. As the diaphragm moves back it forces a supply ofwater into the bowl. When the seat is released the cock is turned so asto reverse 0 the flow of water and move the diaphragm back to its firstposition. At the same time the cock releases the valve and allows it toswing open and discharge the contents of the bowlinto the chamber belowor.soil-pipe, and the 5 return of the diaphragm closes the valve whilesupplying water to wash the bowl.

Referring to the accom pan yin g drawiu for a more complete explanationof my invention, Figure 1 is a vertical section of the bowl-valve,

4o diaphragm, and chamber, showing the mechanism for operating thevalve. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the bowl and a section of thewater-cock chamber. Fig. 3 is a section of this chamber, showing thelevers for operating 5 the cock, and the stop which keeps the valveclosed. Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section of the bowl, takenthrough X X, Fig. l.

A is the bowl of my closet. Bis a valve,

which is hinged at one side, and is made with a flange to close againsta suitable packing- (No model.)

ring, 0, below the bowl, and thus make a tight joint. Below this valveis a chamber, D, of considerable size, and connecting with the upper endof the soil or waste pipe E. A horizontal shaft, G, extends acrossbehind the hinge of the valve, turning in suitable boxes; and it has alever, H, secured to it. The lever H has a forked end beneath the centerof the valve, and a pin, J, passes through the two parts, so that itshead may act upon the valve and close it. A spring, K, surrounds thispin between the ends of the lever, and presses against a collar, M,secured to the pin, so as to force the pin up to its highest point. Asthe shaft Gr rotates in closing the valve 13 the head of the pin acts toclose the valve before the shaft has completed its rotation, and itscontinued movement forces the lever still farther up and compresses thespring. The lever H has a projection or arm, P, and a rod, Q, whichextends from the center of the diaphragm,moves the lever, and thusrotates the shaft G at the same time it closes the valve 13. The lever His fitted upon a square portion of the shaft G, or is keyed or securedto it so as not to slip.

The diaphragm R is circular, and has its edges secured between theflanges of two segments of spheres,S,being so large that it may curve soas to fitthe inside of either of them, and as the whole is water-tightit will be seen that if water is introduced through a pipe underpressure upon either side of the diaphragm it will force the diaphragmto travel across to the opposite side, filling the whole space upon thatside between the segments, while the diaphragm forcibly ejects any waterwhich may have been contained in the opposite side. As the rod Q, issecured by suitable disks to the center of the diaphragm, passing out ofthe case through a stuffing-box,it will be seen that the movements ofthe diaphragm will move the rod and its attachments with a force inproportion to the pressure of water and the areas of the diaphragm.

A chamber, T, is formed at one side of the chamber D to contain the cockU, and may have an opening leading into the chamber 1) Y to dischargeany water which may leak from the cock. The cock U is of the four-waypattern, and receives water from the supply-pipe V, while it dischargesthrough the pipe W into the bowl.

X Y are pipes leading from the cock to opposite sides of the diaphragm,as shown, and it will be seen that when the cock connects one side ofthe diaphragm-chamber with the supply-pipe it will connect the otherside with the discharge into the bowl. The cock is operated by alever-arm, Z, which is connected by a link, at, with the lever a. Thelever a has a rod, 1), extending upward, sothat its upper end will bepressed upon when the seat is occupied, and the lever a will thus bepressed down, so as to raise its opposite end and actuate the valve. Aweight, 0, at its opposite end is made of suflicient size to return theparts to their first position as soon as the seat is released. Alever-arm, d, is secured to a short shaft, 0, and has its opposite endattached to the link above the lever Z, so as to-be moved simultaneouslywith it. The shaft 0 has a lug, f, upon it, and when the lever (Z ismoved up, as before described, it rotates the shaft 0, turning the lugfup so as to engage the point of a lever, g, which is secured to the endof the shaft G, projecting into the chamber T. This prevents the shaft Gfrom rotating and allowing the valve B to open as long as the seat ispressed down, although the cock, being open, has admitted water to movethe diaphragm back, and thus withdraw its rod, which ordinarily supportsor closes the valve. As soon, however, as the seat is released theweight upon the long arm of the lever a returns the levers to theirnatural position, and by rotating the shaft 0 back the lugf releases theend of the lever g, and thus allows the shaft G to rotate with itslevers, and this permits the valve B to open at once and discharge thecontents of the bowl into the chamber 1), and thence to thesoil-pipe.Thereverse movement of the water produced by the change of the cockreturns the diaphragm and its rod, thus closing the valve B, as beforedescribed.

The operation of flushing the bowl is as follows: \Vhen the apparatus isused the rod bis depressed, which operates the cock U through theintermediate mechanism described, and in such manner that a passage orway from pipes V to X and from pipes W to Y is opened, the normalposition of the diaphragm It being that shown in Fig. 1. The flow ofwater then passes from pipe V, to X, to diaphragm, and there be ing nomain pressure behind the same, it forces the water contained in thediaphragm-chamber S out through pipes Y, through cock U, to pipe V,thereby flushing the bowl.

In order to prevent any escape of gas from the chamber D through thechamber T by way of the connecting rod or link,I employ a loosediaphragm, h, which has its edges secured to the top of the chamber T,and its center is secured to the link, so as to move up and down with itwithout ever leaving an opening.

By this construction I provide a water-closet havinga perfect gas-seal,a double wash for the bowl, and a simple means for operating all theparts.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The valve 13, hinged so as to closeagainst the bottom of the bowl A, in. combination with the lever H,mounted upon a shaft, G, and connected with the valve, the actingdiaphragm R, and the rod Q, substantially as and for the purpose hereindescribed.

2. The forked lever H, secured to the rotating shaft G, and having thepin J sliding through its two fork ends, in combination with the springK, so that after the pin has closed the valve B the compression of thespring will allow the shaft to continue its rotation, substantially asand for the purpose herein described.

3. The diaphragm R, having its edges secured between the convex cases S,and the rod Q extending from its center to operate the lever H, asshown, in combination with the water-pipes opening in tothe cases uponeach side of the diaphragm, so that water under pressure may be admittedto force the diaphragm to one side or the other of the ease and move orrelease the lever and valve, substantially as herein described.

4. The diaphragm R, moving within the douhie-convex case S and operatingthe rod Q, in combination with the four-way cock U, the supply anddischarge pipes V W, and the pipes X Y, leading to opposite sides of thecase S, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

5. The diaphragm R, moving in the case S, with its rod Q, the four-waycock U, and the connecting-pipes, the operating-levers Z a, andconnecting-rods, in combination with the shaft- 0, lever-arm d, and thelu'gf, which are operated therefrom and made to engage a lever, g, uponthe shaft Gr, so as to prevent the rotation of the latter untilreleased, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

\VILLIAM M. SACK.

Witnesses:

S. H. NoURsE, J. H. 131.001).

